‘What is the theory of evolution?’ Animal World part 7

 Hello friends we are back with our Animal World series and this article you are going to read about the ‘Theory of Evolution’ in a short and simple manner.

 

Charles Darwin, an English naturalist, made a solution to the evolution of life on Earth by their theory of evolution, as there were many myths that how life emerged and it was different in each religion.

So, the Theory was made in 1859, according to Charles Darwin, the living things we have seen today have been evolving from a very long duration of time, and this took millions of years for the evolution of life. This theory says that different species may show many similarities because they have evolved from the common ancestor. Charles Darwin explained that different species evolved by a process called natural selection. The characteristics of each individual are determined by extremely small pieces of genetic material called genes. Genes are present in nuclei of body’s cells. Sometimes certain change in the genes take place, these are called mutations. These mutations cause formation of new characteristics in individuals. Some mutations are even harmful and make the survival of babies difficult. The animals with this harmful mutation may not be able to compete with other animals for food and space to live.

While there are some mutations which make animals more fit and able to survived in new conditions. These animals gradually increase in number. In this way, nature selects these animals and individuals who are the best to survive in this changing environment. This is called the natural selection.

Giraffe is an excellent example of natural selection, animals that had longer necks were able to reach up higher and get more food. The animals like giraffe survived and other with short necks couldn’t compete with them and therefore died.

 

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