December Current Affairs part 3

 Hello friends in this article you are going to read current affairs which can help you in competitive exams.

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1. Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People 

•The United Nations’ (UN) International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People is annually observed on November 29. 

• The day is also known as Solidarity Day. 

•On Nov 29, 1947, the UN General Assembly adopted the resolution on the partition of Palestine (resolution 181 (II)). 

•On Dec 2, 1977, it was recorded that the assembly called for the annual observance of November 29 as this day. 

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2. Rajasthan BJP MLA Kiran Maheshwari passes away 

•Senior BJP leader and MLA from Rajsamand in Rajasthan, Kiran Maheshwari passed away in Nov 2020, 

•She had tested positive for coronavirus. 

•Kiran Maheshwari was a three-time MLA from Rajsamand. 

•She had served, previously, as a member of parliament in the 14th Lok Sabha where she represented the Udaipur Constituency.

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3. Electric buses to ply on Tirumala Hills 

•Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation will soon introduce electric buses to transport visiting pilgrims to Tirumala Hills. 

• The famous temple of Lord Venkateswara is located at the same place. 

•With an aim to maintain the holy hills a ‘zero carbon emission zone’, the TTD that manages the hill shrine took a decision to introduce electric buses in the place of those operated by diesel. 

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4. China to build a major dam on Brahmaputra 

•China will build a major hydropower project on Brahmaputra river in Tibet and a proposal for this has been clearly put forward in the 14th Five-Year Plan to be implemented from 2021, 

•The project will serve to maintain water resources and domestic security. 

•China has already operationalised the USD 1.5 billion Zam Hydropower Station, the largest in Tibet in 2015. 

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Thanks for reading share this article for more such informative articles.

December Current Affairs part 2 (One liner Current Affairs)

 Hello friends in this article you are going to read one liner current affairs, which can help you in competitive exams.

1. Andhra Pradesh State has launched Jagannath Thodu Scheme on 25th November.

2. Sydney Thunder has won Women's Big Bash League (WBBL), it is an Australian women's domestic Twenty20 cricket competition.

3. Bijoy Krishna Patel has been appointed as chairmen of Odisha Human Rights Commission.

4. Roch Marc Christian has become president of Burkina Faso for the second time.

5. In Dubai, Arab Gulf's first coal based power plant is being developed.

6. On 27th November, 11th National Organ Donating day was celebrated.

7. 'Hualong Forest' is a nuclear reactor made by China for domestic use.

8. Avinash Sable has won Airtel Delhi Half Marathon Race 2020.

9. In Rajasthan 'Organ Donor Memorial' is inaugurated  at Jaipur.

10. Hetero is the company which will produce Russian vaccine Sputnik-V in India.

Nature and Framework of Crime

Image Credit: www.toppr.com

Hello friends here is one another article related to criminal law. The concept of crime was already described in this blog in which definition were also discussed. In this blog the detailed nature of crime is discussed. This blog is only for study purpose and for legal advice you must contact us trough the contact form at the bottom of this blog page.

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Crime is a changing concept dependent upon the social development of people that is upon the fundamental interest and values dominating their common beliefs. But as the time passed by and humans started to regularise themselves the Nature and Definition of crime became clearer.

Four main frameworks of a crime:

a) Crime as a social construction: - this poses a difficulty for creating a general definition of crime as it varies across cultures. For terms of Sec. 377 of IPC were decriminalised due to the changing in the minds of the public in general and all the people it was effecting. Also like the prohibition of alcohol drinking or smoking at certain places, the coalition of the public is necessary.

b) Crime as defined by religious doctrine or authority: - It creates conflicts between religions as well as between society and religion. Even in modern day society, a crime can be defined as an action that goes against the law of God at some places.

e.g. i) Sharia Law in Middle East,

e.g. ii) In Saudi Arabia, a woman driving is a crime and even though this law is absurd, that is the law.

e.g. iii) Honor killings and domestic abuse are examples of behaviour, which may be sanctioned within a particular religion but would disagree with basic state law, most commonly in westernized societies.

c) Crime defined by the law of a particular nation or state: - an act can only be defined as criminal in accordance to the laws of the state in which it was committed. This creates a difficulty in defining crime as what may be considered a criminal action in one state or country may not be viewed the same way in another.

There is a division created by the morals that tends the government to make rules which outlaws certain acts which wouldn’t have been a crime otherwise. 

e.g. i) Adultery is an offence in India under Section 497 of IPC but, it is no offence in America, it is civil wrong in England.

e.g. ii) Selling liquor in Maharashtra is legal whereas is a crime in Gujarat.

e.g. iii) Kerela has no restrictions on cow slaughter but cow slaughter in Andhra Pradesh and Telengana is a crime.

e.g. iv) The non-violent drug offences are considered as crimes because it is declared by the government. Indeed it wouldn’t be a crime the government didn’t categorise drugs something as illegal.

d) Crime is of individualistic responsibility and varies from time to time, so places blame on individuals rather than the systems they are contained within. However, by viewing crime in relation to social and political theory it is possible to look at the causes of a person’s behaviour, which may render them irresponsible for their actions, and also to define actions as crimes, which may not be considered so within the society itself. The nature of the crime changes from time to time as per the requirements of the present generation society.

e.g. i) during the reign of Hitler in Nazi Germany, the systematic slaughter of the Jewish race was not considered criminal; however, when viewed in retrospect, the Holocaust is considered to be the ‘greatest crime in history’. But during the trial only a small number of officers were named as personally responsible, because it was decided that many of those involved could not be charged as they were simply following the instructions issued to them by their superiors and so did not willingly commit the crimes.

e.g. ii) Similarly, the practice of ‘Sati’ prevailing in the primitive society is now strictly prohibited and is punishable.

Thus it can be concluded that no action in itself is criminal; it is the consequences that follow which define it as being so. An act cannot be classed, as a crime until the offender is caught and punished, in the absence of a public authority to do so, there is no crime.

The nature of crime is changing due to the changes in the society and the environment. The very definition of crime depends upon the values of a given society.

The changing nature of crime:

The changes have been noticed that people who did not committed crime, due to the availability of knowledge and technology are tempted to commit crime seeing how easily it can be done and various ways of avoiding to get caught.

Drug dealing which used to be done face to face in the middle of street with the fear of getting busted now can be done online with just some clicks of a keyboard.

Distance is just a number now with various means of transport are available a wrongdoer can easily commit a crime in one city and move to another city in hours.

The lack of interaction among people, not knowing who actually lives next door makes it easy for perpetrators to find their targets and commence their activities.

With such changing happening in the nation the police authorities are also required to change their methods of tracking the criminals and increase their technical ability. With the criminals being smart the authorities are required to be smarter.

Criminals are adapting to the measures taken by the police authorities.

Local gang members have noticed that they can make more money, with less risk of getting caught and smaller penalties if they do get caught, by using technology.

GK about animals

In this article you are going to know about animal species which are lesser known means which are rare. All species are from India. 

Q1. What is the scientific name of Great Indian Bustard ?
ANS. Ardiotis nigiceps.

Q2. The Great Indian Bustard is endemic to what?
ANS. To Indian subcontinent.

Q3. Currently in 2017, how birds exist in the world outside India having no known breeding population?
ANS. Around 300.

Q4. In how many states Great Indian Bustard is found in India?
ANS. In 5.

Q5. Name the states.
ANS. Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Gujrat, Rajastan.

Q6. It is the state bird of which state?
ANS. Rajasthan

Q7. What s the main decline of their population
ANS. Illegal hunting.

Q8. Which is the tallest flying bird in India?
ANS. Sarus crane.

Q9. What is the height of  Sarus crane.

ANS. 155 cm.

Q10. What is the scientific name of Sarus crane?
ANS. Grus antigone.

Q11. Around how many Sarus cranes are there in India?
ANS. Around 8000 to 10000.

Q12. Sarus crane is state bird of which state?
ANS. Uttar Pradesh.

Q13. How many Sarus cranes re here in Uttar Pradesh?
ANS. Around 2000 to 3000.

Q14. What is the main decline in their population?
ANS. Loss of wetland.

Q15. What is the scientific name of red panda?
ANS. Alirus fulgens.

Q16. What is the nickname of red panda?
ANS. Firecat and lesser panda.

Q17. Where is firecat's most population in India?
ANS. Arunachal pradesh.

Q18. Why they are hunted?
ANS. They are hunted for their pelt by Chinese people for making traditional dresses.

Q19. What is the scientific name of  Nilgiri tahr?
ANS. Niligiritragus hylocrius.

Q20. Nilgiri tahr is endemic to what?
ANS. Nilgiri hills.

Q21. Nilgiri tahr is state bird of which state?
ANS.Tamil Nadu.

Q22. Adult male nilgiri tahr is called?
ANS. Saddleback.