'Does India have an official language?' Constitution of India part 8

 So, you may know that many countries have a state religion or an official religion. For example Monaco is a Christian country and it's state/official religion is Christian, Thailand is a Buddhist nation and it's state/official religion is Buddhism. So have you ever thought does India have a state or an official religion? If you are searching for this answer then you have visited the correct place.

India is a secular nation, means India doesn't really have a state/official religion. India shows equal respect to all religions. Article 25 of the Constitution guarantees 'Right to Freedom of Religion'. 

This means that any India citizen has a right for changing or choosing his religion. So Indian People are free to choose or practice any religion. People of India belong to different religions including Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism, Christianity, Islam and several other small religions.

So let me conclude it for you-

1. State/official religion of a country is a religion accepted by the country.

2. Indian Constitution in it's Article 25 given 'Right to Freedom of Religion'.

3. That's why in India you can practice any religion of your choice.    

4. That why India is called a secular nation.

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नागरिक

 

हमारे देश भारत का प्रथम नागरिक राष्ट्रपति होता है और 27 वें नागरिक भारत की जनता। आइए जानें, इसके बीच कौन-कौन आता है।

 

श्री रामनाथ कोविंद भारत के 14 वें राष्ट्रपति हैं। भारत के संविधान के अनुसार भारत का राष्ट्रपति देश का प्रथम नागरिक है।

संविधान के अनुसार एक पूरी लिस्ट तैयार की गयी है जिसमें यह बताया गया है कि पहले स्थान पर कौन है और उसके बाद 27 वें स्थान जनता तक कौन-कौन है।

 

चलिए देखते हैं पूरी लिस्ट

 

भारत का प्रथम नागरिक : देश का राष्ट्रपति।

 

द्वितीय नागरिक : देश का उप राष्ट्रपति।

आपको बता दें इस समय भारत के उप राष्ट्रपति श्री वेंकैया नायडू हैं।

 

तृतीय नागरिक : प्रधानमंत्री।

इस समय भारत के प्रधानमंत्री श्री नरेंद्र मोदी हैं।

 

चतुर्थ नागरिक : राज्यपाल। (संबंधित राज्यों के सभी)

 

पंचम नागरिक : देश के पूर्व राष्ट्रपति और पंचम (अ) देश के पूर्व उपराष्ट्रपति।

 

छठवाँ नागरिक : भारत के मुख्य न्यायधीश और लोकसभा अध्यक्ष।

 

सप्तम नागरिक : केंद्रीय कैबिनेट मंत्री, मुख्यमंत्री (संबंधित सभी राज्यों के), योजना आयोग के उपाध्यक्ष, पूर्व प्रधानमंत्री, राज्यसभा और लोकसभा में विपक्ष के नेता और सप्तम (अ) सभी भारत रत्न पुरस्कार विजेता।

 

अष्टम नागरिक : भारत में मान्यता प्राप्त राजदूत, मुख्यमंत्री (संबंधित राज्यों से बाहर के) , राज्यपाल (अपने संबंधित राज्यों से बाहर के)

 

नवम नागरिक : सुप्रीम कोर्ट के जज, नवम (अ) यूनियन पब्लिक सर्सिस कमिशन (यूपीएससी) के चेयरपर्सन, चीफ इलेक्शन कमिशनर, भारत के नियंत्रक और महालेखा परीक्षक।

 

दशम नागरिक : राज्यसभा के डिप्टी चेयरमैन, डिप्टी चीफ मिनिस्टर्स, लोकसभा के डिप्टी स्पीकर, योजना आयोग के सदस्य (वर्तमान में नीति आयोग), राज्यों के मंत्री (सुरक्षा से जुड़े मंत्रालयों के अन्य मंत्री)

 

ग्यारहवें नागरिक : अटर्नी जर्नल (एजी), कैबिनेट सचिव, उप राज्यपाल (केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के भी शामिल)

 

बारहवें नागरिक : पूर्ण जनरल या समकक्ष रैंक वाले कर्मचारियों के चीफ।

 

तेरहवें नागरिक : राजदूत ,असाधारण और पूर्ण नियोक्ता जो कि भारत में मान्यता प्राप्त हैं।

 

चौदहवें नागरिक : राज्यों के चेयरमैन और राज्य विधानसभा के स्पीकर (सभी राज्य शामिल), हाई कोर्ट के चीफ जस्टिस (सभी राज्यों की पीठ के जज शामिल)

 

पंद्रहवे नागरिक :  राज्यों के कैबिनेट मिनिस्टर्स (सभी राज्यों के शामिल), केंद्र शासित राज्यों के मुख्यमंत्री, दिल्ली के मुख्य कार्यकारी काउंसिलर (सभी केंद्र शासित राज्य) केंद्र के उपमंत्री।

 

सोलहवें नागरिक : लेफ्टिनेंट जनरल या समकक्ष रैंक का पद धारण करने वाले स्टाफ के प्रमुख अधिकारी।

 

सत्रहवें नागरिक : अल्पसंख्यक आयोग के अध्यक्ष, अनुसूचित जाति के राष्ट्रीय आयोग के अध्यक्ष, अनुसूचित जनजाति के राष्ट्रीय आयोग के अध्यक्ष, उच्च न्यायालयों के मुख्य न्यायाधीश (उनके संबंधित न्यायालय के बाहर), उच्च न्यायालयों के पीयूज न्यायाधीश (उनके संबंधित अधिकार क्षेत्र में)

 

अठारहवें नागरिक : राज्यों (उनके संबंधित राज्यों के बाहर) में कैबिनेट मंत्री, राज्य विधान मंडलों के सभापति और अध्यक्ष (उनके संबंधित राज्यों के बाहर), एकाधिकार और प्रतिबंधात्मक व्यापार व्यवहार आयोग के अध्यक्ष, उप अध्यक्ष और राज्य विधान मंडलों के उपाध्यक्ष (उनके संबंधित राज्यों में), मंत्री राज्य सरकारों (राज्यों में उनके संबंधित राज्यों), केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के मंत्री और कार्यकारी परिषद, दिल्ली (उनके संबंधित संघ शासित प्रदेशों के भीतर) संघ शासित प्रदेशों में विधान सभा के अध्यक्ष और दिल्ली महानगर परिषद के अध्यक्ष, उनके संबंधित केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों में।

 

उन्नीसवें नागरिक : संघ शासित प्रदेशों के मुख्य आयुक्त, उनके संबंधित केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों में राज्यों के उपमंत्री (उनके संबंधित राज्यों में), केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों में विधान सभा के उपाध्यक्ष और मेट्रोपॉलिटन परिषद दिल्ली के उपाध्यक्ष।

 

बीसवें नागरिक : राज्य विधानसभा के चेयरमैन और डिप्टी चेयरमैन (उनके संबंधित राज्यों के बाहर)

 

इक्कीसवें नागरिक : सभी संसद सदस्य।

 

बाईसवें नागरिक : राज्यों के डिप्टी मिनिस्टर्स (उनके संबंधित राज्यों के बाहर)

 

तेईसवें नागरिक : आर्मी कमांडर, वाइस चीफ ऑफ आर्मी स्टाफ और इन्हीं की रैंक के बराबर के अधिकारी, राज्य सरकारों के मुख्य सचिव, (उनके संबंधित राज्यों के बाहर), भाषाई अल्पसंख्यकों के आयुक्त, अनुसूचित जाति और अनुसूचित जनजाति के आयुक्त, अल्पसंख्यक आयोग के सदस्य, अनुसूचित जातियों के लिए राष्ट्रीय आयोग के सदस्य, अनुसूचित जनजाति के लिए राष्ट्रीय आयोग के सदस्य।

 

चौबीसवें नागरिक : उप राज्यपाल रैंक के अधिकारी या इन्हीं के समकक्ष अधिकारी।

 

पच्चीसवें नागरिक : भारत सरकार के अतिरिक्त सचिव।

 

छब्बीसवें नागरिक : भारत सरकार के संयुक्त सचिव और समकक्ष रैंक के अधिकारी, मेजर जनरल या समकक्ष रैंक के रैंक के अधिकारी।

 

सत्ताईसवें नागरिक : भारत के सत्ताईसवें नागरिक आम इंसान होते हैं। जैसे की आप और हम !!

 

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'Why was Constitution drafted?' Constitution of India part 3

 Hello friends in this article you are going to know the reasons of why was Constitution Drafted.

India was under British rule before 15th August 1947. Even before independence our leaders demanded that Indians should also be involved in the governance and administration of our country. This resulted in implementation of Government of India Act 1935. According to this act, the governance and administration of some areas like health, agriculture, etc. was left to the local government of that area. 

When our country became independent on 15th August 1947, there was a demand of a foundation which would keep India's citizen equal. Then a permanent set of rules was made by Drafting Committee and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar played a key role in the formation of Constitution. It took 2 Years, 11 Months and 18 Days to make a complete draft of Constitution.

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'Which is the longest written Constitution in the world?' Constitution of India part 2

 Ever thought about which is the largest constitution? If yes, then you are going to get your answer in this article.

With 448 articles, 12 schedules in 25 sections, the Constitution of India is the largest Constitution in the world. The Constitution of India lays down the fundamental rights, directive principles and the fundamental duties of the citizens. It makes India a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, republic and assures liberty, equality and fraternity to all it's citizens.

The Constitution of India was prepared by the Drafting Committee. It was adapted by Constituent Assembly of India on 26 Nov, 1949 and came into effect on 26 Jan, 1950.

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‘What do we know about the Constitution Drafting Committee?’ Constitution of India part 5

 Hello friends in this article you are going to read another part of Constitution of India, for the next part complete 25 views.

 

The Constituent Assembly of India, which put the constitution of India in power was formed in 1946, i.e. even before India got independence. The Constituent Assembly was chaired by Rajendra Prasad and had 385 members representing different sections of the society.

At a meeting held on 29 August, 1947, the Constituent decided to form a Drafting Committee to prepare the India Constitution. B N Rau had already prepared a Constitution draft. The Drafting Committee’s job included the examination of draft and adding necessary changes.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was appointed as the chairman of the Drafting Committee. The Committee had 6 other members and began functioning by October, 1947. It was the draft prepared by this committee that later became the Constitution of India.

 

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‘Who is known as the chief architect of the Indian Constitution?’ Constitution of India part 4

 So guys we are back with our Constitution of India series.

 

So, as we read in the last part that the Constitution of India was drafted by the Drafting Committee. But who can we say the chief architect of our Indian Constitution?

Dr. BR Ambedkar played a very significant amount in drafting the Constitution, and that’s why he is the chief architect of our Indian Constitution. While serving as the Law and Justice Minister, Ambedkar was appointed as the Chairman of the Constitution Drafting Committee. He was already a renowned social reformer with a keen sense of law and justice.

With the knowledge of the Constitution of 60 countries, he was a constitution expert too. Now after having this much knowledge of the Constitution, law and justice there is no wonder in asking him to draft the Constitution of India by the Constituent Assembly.

The draft which was prepared by Ambedkar talked about a range of civil liberties and constitutional guarantees. Dr. BR Ambedkar is also called the father of Indian Constitution. The original document of the Constitution of India was handwritten by Prem Behari Narain Raizada. It was written in beautifully written in the beautiful calligraphy, in a flowing italic style. Each page was decorated by artists from Shantiniketan.

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'Why do we Have a Constitution?' Constitution of India Part 1

 Hello friends from this article we are going to start a new series, which is Constitution of India.

India, a truly diverse country. it is a beautiful combination of different languages, cultures, beliefs and occupations. So we need a strong and justice full foundation that can ensure harmony and that's what is our Constitution.

The Constitution is foundation of our government. It is the supreme law of our country. It provides rights and protection during times adversity to all citizens of India. It is a set of rules that are written, authorized and approved by the leaders of India at the time after our independence. Constitution is the last word when it comes to laws. In fact, it is the symbol of vision  and values of our country. It lays the basic structure of our Political system.

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NCERT Civics Solutions- Class 7 (Chapter 1) Part 6

Hello friends in this article we are going to continue the Civics solutions series. For the previous part click here. But in this article you will read questions from book, which are large and can come in exam.

1. Write a note on the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Answer: 

The Civil Rights Act was passed in the year 1964. The Act prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, religion or national origin in USA. It also stated that all schools would be open to Americans and African-American children. This started from a lady named Rosa Parks, when she was returning from her work in a bus, she was asked by an American for seat. But Rosa Parks denied, and after this she was arrested. This happened on Dec/1/1955.

 

2. What are the provisions made in the constitution for the recognition of equality?   

Answer:

The provisions made in the constitution for the recognition of equality are as follow:

(a) Every person is equal before the law. What this means is that every person, from the President of India to a domestic, has to obey the same laws.

(b) No person can be discriminated on the basis of their religion, caste, race place of birth or whether they are male or female.

(c) Every person has access to all public places including playgrounds, hotels, shops and markets. All persons can use publicly available wells, roads and bathing ghats.

(d) Untouchability has been abolished.

 

3. How can you say that establishment of equality in society is a continuous struggle?

Answer:

             Besides the efforts taken by government to reduce inequality in society, and the laws passed by government people are still discriminated on the name of religion, caste, gender, etc. The reason behind this is that people don’t think that everyone should be treated equally, besides of that the laws are in favor of equality.

           This attitude of the people is so deep, that it cannot change all of a sudden. It will take time. Even though people are aware that discrimination is against the law, they continue to treat others unequally on the basis of caste, religion, gender, economic background, disability, etc.

 If the society beliefs that everyone should get equal opportunities and should get respect, then only the inequality would reduce, this will take time as the thinking for the people is very deep rooted.

This was the last part of the NCERT Solutions for Civics chapter one, we will make a blog on Links for the parts for it. 

Upcoming Series-

1. Sanskrit Grammar for class 7- संधि 

From- 20 Aug. 2020

 

NCERT Civics Solutions- Class 7 (Chapter 1) Part 5

 Hello friends in this article we are going to continue the Civics solutions series. For the previous part click here. But in this article you will read questions from book, which are small but can come in exam.

1. What is it that makes Kanta unsure?
Answer:

Kanta is a poor domestic worker. She lives in a slum which is very dirty. Her daughter is sick but she cannot skip work because she needs to borrow money from her master to take her daughter to the doctor. Her job as a domestic help is not a permanent. She can be removed by her masters any time.

2. Mention two different kinds of inequalities that exist in our country. Give examples.
Answer:

 Two different kinds of inequalities that exist in our country are inequalities based on the caste system and inequalities based on the religion.

Omprakash Valmiki was treated extremely unequally because he was a dalit. In school, his headmaster made him sweep the school and the playground.
The Ansaris were treated unequally on the basis differences of religion. They were looking to rent an apartment in the city. They were about to take an apartment at the first sight. But the moment the land lady knew their names she declined to rent the house.

3. Write a note on equality in Indian democracy. 

Answer: 

The Indian constitution recognises all persons as equals. This means that every individual in the country irrespective of his/her caste, religion, educational and economic backgrounds is recognised as equal. Although, inequality still exists in the country, yet the principle of the equality of all persons is recognised. While earlier no law existed to protect people from discrimination and ill treatment now there are several that work to see that people are treated with dignity.

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NCERT Civics Solutions- Class 7 (Chapter 1) Part 4

Hello friends in this article we are going to continue the Civics solutions series. For the previous part click here. But in this article you will read questions from book, which are very small but can come in exam.

1. What do you mean by ‘dignity’?  

Answer:

Dignity means thinking of one self and others as worthy of self-respect.

 

2. What are the two ways in which the government has tried to implement the equality that guaranteed in the constitution?

Answer:

(i) Through laws

(ii) Through government programmes or schemes to help unprivileged groups.

 

3. Who have been employed to cook the meal under midday meal scheme?

Answer:

Dalit women have been employed for this purpose.

 

4. What was the condition of the African-Americans in the United States of America prior to 1950s?  
Answer: 

Prior to 1950’s, the African-Americans were treated extremely unequally in the USA and denied equality through law.

5. What is known as the Civil Rights Movements?  

Answer:

 A movement took place in the USA in the late 1950’s to push for equal rights for African-Americans. This movement later came to be known as Civil Rights Movement.

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NCERT Civics Solutions- Class 7 (Chapter 1) Part 3

Hello friends in this article we are going to continue the Civics solutions series. For the previous part click here. But in this article you will read questions from book, which are very small but can come in exam.

1. What is Joothan about?

Answer:

 It is about the bitter experiences of growing up of a dalit boy.

2. What suggestion was given to Ansaris by the property dealer?

Answer:

They were suggested to change their names and call themselves Mr. and Mrs., Kumar, etc.

3. On what basis were the Ansaris treated unequally?

Answer:

The Ansaris were treated unequally on the basis of religion.

Thanks for reading share this blog for more such informative articles. One more article will only contain these type of short answers. If you have any doubts you can ask in the comments, we will reply your doubt as soon as possible.
Upcoming blogs-
1. August Current Affairs part 3
2. Good Food- Choose the 

NCERT Civics Solutions- Class 7 (Chapter 1) Part 2 (Social and Political Life- II)

Hello friends in this article we are going to continue the Civics solutions series. For the previous part click here.

 4. What do you understand by the term 'all persons are equal before the law?' Why do you think it is important in a democracy?

Answer: 

It means that every person, from the President of the country to a domestic worker like Kanta has to obey the same laws. No person can be discriminated against on the basis of their religion, race, caste, etc. Every person has access to all public places including playgrounds, hotels, shops and markets. All people can use publicly available wells, roads and bathing ghats.
Equality is the soul of democracy. We know that democracy is a form of government which gives equal importance and recognition to all. If inequalities on the basis of race, religion, caste, etc. continue to exist, democracy would never flourish. Instead, it would perish very soon.

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5. According to the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, persons with disabilities have equal rights, and that the government should make possible their full participation in society. The government has to provide free education and integrate children with disabilities into mainstream schools. This law also states that all public places including buildings, schools, etc., should be accessible and provided with ramps.

Look at the photograph and think about the boy who is being carried down the stairs. Do you think the above law is being implemented in his case? What needs to be done to make the building more accessible for him? How would his being carried down the stairs affect his dignity as well as his safety?

 

Answer- 

The boy in the photograph is disabled. As per the law this building should have been accessible for him, but the law is not being implemented in this case. He is being carried down by security personals through stairs. This building does not provide ramps. The boy’s dignity is overlooked here. He may morally feel inferior. The way he is carried down the stars may prove dangerous. Law can this case to the court.

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NCERT Civics Solutions- Class 7 (Chapter 1) Part 1 (Social and Political Life- II)

 Hello friends in this blog you are going to read the solutions for Civics question and answer. This series we will cover in 6 articles, so let's get started.

1. In a democracy why is Universal Adult Franchise important?

Answer: In a democracy every citizen is equal. The concept of Universal Adult Franchise is based on equality. Therefore, it is important in a democracy. Under Universal Adult Franchise every adult irrespective of caste, religion, gender, language, etc. is allowed to vote.

2. Re-read the box on Article 15 and state two ways in which this Article addresses inequality?

Answer: The Article 15 allows each and every person irrespective of their caste, gender, religion should have access to

1. Public places like restaurants, shops, hotels, etc. (These consists of things which are open for the society).

2. Wells, tanks, bathing ghats, roads, etc. (These consist of things whose maintenance is done by state).

 

3. In what ways was Omprakash Valmiki’s experience similar to that of the Ansaris?
Answer: Both Omprakash Valmiki and Ansaris were subjected to discrimination. Omprakash Valmiki was not allowed to sit with other students in the classroom and was made to sweep the school and the playground only because he was a dalit. Similarly, the Ansaris were not given a flat/house in a locality where lived the people belonging to other religion. The moment the landlady came to know about their names, she declined to rent the house. In both the cases the dignity of a person is violated. (Ansari is a Muslim tribe)

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NCERT Civics Notes- Class 7 (Chapter 1) Part 4 (Social and Political Life- II)

Hello friends in this article you are going to read the third part of Civics notes for class 7. If you have not read it's previous part then click here.

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1. Omprakash Valmiki was a Dalit, he wrote a book named Joothan. This book described the bitter bitter experience of growing up as a Dalit child. His classmates teased him and he had to broom the school.

2. If lower caste people are restricted from visiting public places this is a violation of Article 15. If a owner has refused to rent his place to someone due to his/her caste or religion this is also a violation of Article 15. 

3. If lower caste people are restricted from entering a private property then it is not a violation of Article 15.

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NCERT Civics Notes- Class 7 (Chapter 1) Part 3 (Social and Political Life- II)

Hello friends in this article you are going to read the third part of Civics notes for class 7. If you have not read it's previous part then click here.

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1. No country can be said completely democratic, until it treats a it's citizens equally, it should provide equal opportunities, there should be UAF (Universal Adult Franchise), and many more things are required.  

2. In India, discrimination are because of caste, religion, gender, etc. But in countries like USA there is discrimination by skin color, people there were racists.

3. In USA, Africans were discriminated till 1964. In 1964 a act was passed from which Africans' situation got better. This is a story of a lady named Rosa Parks, she was a American-African. 

One day while she was returning home from her work, a American asked her for seat, and at that time the government also supported this discrimination. When Americans asked for seat then an African should give the seat to him, otherwise he/she can be arrested. So, as the American asked for seat, Rosa Parks refused. The American then called the conductor of the bus, The conductor said ''You can be arrested for this'', Rosa Parks now also refused to give the seat, and after this she was arrested. This Happened on 1 Dec 1955. But this lead to the Civil Right Moment, and then the 'Civil Right Act 1964'. 

4. The minimum voting age around the word is between 18-21 years in different regions of the world. In some Nations UAF is not followed, so UAF is not every time a part of democracy.

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NCERT Civics Notes- Class 7 (Chapter 1) Part 2 (Social and Political Life- II)

Hello friends in this article you are going to read the second part of Civics notes for class 7. If you have not read it's previous part then click here.

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1. Dignity is the the thinking of a person to get respect from other people, irrespective of their caste, gender, religion, etc.

2. Social inequality is based a phenomenon based on caste, gender, language, etc.

3. Government passes laws and policies to reduce inequality among society.

4. The mid-day meal scheme, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyaan and Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalay. These are some of the policies and schemes introduced by government for education, equality and access to nutrition. 

5. The mid-day meal is a scheme in which children are given food by school for one time. This food is highly nutritious, for preparing the food Dalit women are assigned, to reduce jobless Dalit. (GK fact- Madhya Pradesh was the first state to supply the mid-day meal food items to people).

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NCERT Civics Notes- Class 7 (Chapter 1) Part 1 (Social and Political Life- II)

Hello friends, from today we are going to start the explanation series of Civics chapter one, whose name is 'On Equality'. For notes of Sanskrit click here, and for notes of other subjects click here.

1. So, basically in this chapter we are going to read about Equality, Rights by equality and social discrimination done among the society. 

2. Equality is every individual's right. This means everyone gets equal opportunities irrespective of their caste, gender, religion, place of birth, race, language, beliefs, education, etc.

3.  India, by it's constitution ensures equality among citizens. To know more about constitution click here. The Article 15 (Right to Equality) is the major article for equality in India.

4. In a democratic country like India, people irrespective of their religion, caste education, status or place of birth, are given the right to vote under Universal Adult Franchise. It is a very important aspect of every democratic country. This also leads to equality in voting. According to UAF (Universal Adult Franchise); every adult citizen of a country (18+ citizens) are eligible to vote their candidate in elections, and everyone has got only one vote.

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