Felicity

Felicity

Meaning as noun: -

1.

Intense happiness. e.g. "domestic felicity"

Similar:

Happiness

Joy

Joyfulness

Joyousness

Rapture

Bliss

Euphoria

Delight

Cheer

Cheerfulness

Gaiety

Contentedness

Satisfaction

Pleasure

Fulfilment

Transports

Meaning as noun 2. the ability to find appropriate expression for one's thoughts. e.g. "he exposed the kernel of the matter with his customary elegance and felicity"

Similar:

Eloquence

Aptness

Appropriateness

Appropriacy

Suitability

Suitableness

Applicability

Fitness

Relevance

Pertinence

Correctness

Rightness

Antonyms for felicity

Depression

Despair

Discouragement

Dislike

Displeasure

Dissatisfaction

Gloom

Hate

Hatred

Lack

Melancholy

Misery

Need

Pain

Sadness

Sorrow

Trouble

Unhappiness

Upset

Want

Woe

Worry

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हिंदी 

1. परम सुख

2. आनंद

3. कल्याण

4. आशीर्वाद

5. सौभाग्य

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मराठी 

1. परमानंद

2. लेखनातील किंवा भाषणातील मोहकपणा

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सुख = felicity

वचसा = felicity of expressions

व्युष्टि = felicity

ऋति = felicity

नन्दा = Felicity

सद्भाग्य = felicity

मङ्गल = felicity

सौख्य = felicity

स्वर्गमन = future felicity

पुण्यवह = causing felicity

सिद्धि = supreme felicity

परमानन्द = supreme felicity

सुभगता = conjugal felicity

सुभगत = conjugal felicity [marital bliss]

सिद्धिस्थान = place of felicity

सुसौभग = conjugal felicity

शेवृध =  increasing felicity

प्रौढत्व = felicity of expressions

श्रेयोर्थिन् = desiring felicity or bliss

सिद्धिकारण = means of obtaining felicity

भगदैवत = conferring conjugal felicity

भगाधान = bestowing matrimonial felicity

भगवेदन = proclaiming connubial felicity

सिद्धिद = conferring felicity or beatitude

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महसूस

कुछ अनकहे से तेरे मेरे .....

कुछ अनसुनी सी तेरी मेरी........

कुछ छुपा छुपा सा इश्क तेरा मेरा.........

कुछ महसूस सा होता एहसास तेरा मेरा.....।।

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यूँ तो एक ठिकाना हमारा भी है पर....?

तुम्हारे बिना लापता सा महसूस करते है...ii

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मुस्कराने में मेरा साथ हो ये जरुरी नहीं,

लेकिन ..जब हो उदास, तब मुझे महसूस कर लेना

गरीब हूँ मगर ख़ुश बहुत हू क्योंकि  दिल के अमीर दोस्तों के साथ रहता हूँ,

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महसूस कर रहा हूँ मैं अकेला हूँ.

कोई तो पास आके कह दे मैं तेरी हूँ

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आग दिल में लगी जब वो खफा हुए;​

​महसूस हुआ तब,​ ​जब वो जुदा हुए​;

​​करके वफ़ा कुछ दे न सके वो​

​​पर बहुत कुछ दे गए जब वो बेवफा हुए।

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तुझे तो मिल गये होंगे कई नये साथी लेकिन....

मुझे हर मोड़ पऱ तेरी कमी महसूस होती है.....

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महसूस कर रहा हूँ, मैं अकेला हूँ ।

कोई तो पास आके कह दे, मैं तेरा हूँ।।

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आग दिल में लगी जब वो खफा हुए;​

​महसूस हुआ तब,​ ​जब वो जुदा हुए​;

​​करके वफ़ा कुछ दे न सके वो​

​​पर बहुत कुछ दे गए जब वो बेवफा हुए।

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शिद्दत से कमी महसूस होती है तेरी !!

क्यूँ तेरे बिना दिल लगता नही मेरा !!

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मेरे दिल के टूटने पर तुझे महसूस न हुआ तो क्या हुआ ।।

मुझे यकीन तो हो गया कि मैं बेवफा नही हूँ ।।

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आग दिल में लगी जब वो खफा हुए;

महसूस हुआ तब, जब वो जुदा हुए;

करके वफ़ा कुछ दे ना सकें वो;

पर बहुत कुछ दे गए जब वो बेवफा हुए।

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रात गुजारी फिर महकती सुबह आई …

दिल धड़का फिर तुम्हारी याद आई..

आँखों ने महसूस किया उस हवा को …

जो तुम्हें छु कर हमारे पास आई ..

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One liner notes about 'smartest cat'

Hello friends in this blog you are going to read about cats.

1. In comparison to lion and tiger, leopards are smaller and less fierce.

2. However they have ability to adapt conditions quicker than any other cat.

3. That's the reasons why leopards are found in varied condition like mountains of Himalayas, deserts of Africa, forest in Russia and bustling suburbs of Mumbai.

4. Leopards ca climb trees easily, the Langur monkey is the favorite prey of Indian leopards.

5. In Africa the leopards face the problem of lazy lions who steal their prey.

Thanks for reading share this blog for more such informative articles.

Nature and Framework of Crime

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Hello friends here is one another article related to criminal law. The concept of crime was already described in this blog in which definition were also discussed. In this blog the detailed nature of crime is discussed. This blog is only for study purpose and for legal advice you must contact us trough the contact form at the bottom of this blog page.

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Crime is a changing concept dependent upon the social development of people that is upon the fundamental interest and values dominating their common beliefs. But as the time passed by and humans started to regularise themselves the Nature and Definition of crime became clearer.

Four main frameworks of a crime:

a) Crime as a social construction: - this poses a difficulty for creating a general definition of crime as it varies across cultures. For terms of Sec. 377 of IPC were decriminalised due to the changing in the minds of the public in general and all the people it was effecting. Also like the prohibition of alcohol drinking or smoking at certain places, the coalition of the public is necessary.

b) Crime as defined by religious doctrine or authority: - It creates conflicts between religions as well as between society and religion. Even in modern day society, a crime can be defined as an action that goes against the law of God at some places.

e.g. i) Sharia Law in Middle East,

e.g. ii) In Saudi Arabia, a woman driving is a crime and even though this law is absurd, that is the law.

e.g. iii) Honor killings and domestic abuse are examples of behaviour, which may be sanctioned within a particular religion but would disagree with basic state law, most commonly in westernized societies.

c) Crime defined by the law of a particular nation or state: - an act can only be defined as criminal in accordance to the laws of the state in which it was committed. This creates a difficulty in defining crime as what may be considered a criminal action in one state or country may not be viewed the same way in another.

There is a division created by the morals that tends the government to make rules which outlaws certain acts which wouldn’t have been a crime otherwise. 

e.g. i) Adultery is an offence in India under Section 497 of IPC but, it is no offence in America, it is civil wrong in England.

e.g. ii) Selling liquor in Maharashtra is legal whereas is a crime in Gujarat.

e.g. iii) Kerela has no restrictions on cow slaughter but cow slaughter in Andhra Pradesh and Telengana is a crime.

e.g. iv) The non-violent drug offences are considered as crimes because it is declared by the government. Indeed it wouldn’t be a crime the government didn’t categorise drugs something as illegal.

d) Crime is of individualistic responsibility and varies from time to time, so places blame on individuals rather than the systems they are contained within. However, by viewing crime in relation to social and political theory it is possible to look at the causes of a person’s behaviour, which may render them irresponsible for their actions, and also to define actions as crimes, which may not be considered so within the society itself. The nature of the crime changes from time to time as per the requirements of the present generation society.

e.g. i) during the reign of Hitler in Nazi Germany, the systematic slaughter of the Jewish race was not considered criminal; however, when viewed in retrospect, the Holocaust is considered to be the ‘greatest crime in history’. But during the trial only a small number of officers were named as personally responsible, because it was decided that many of those involved could not be charged as they were simply following the instructions issued to them by their superiors and so did not willingly commit the crimes.

e.g. ii) Similarly, the practice of ‘Sati’ prevailing in the primitive society is now strictly prohibited and is punishable.

Thus it can be concluded that no action in itself is criminal; it is the consequences that follow which define it as being so. An act cannot be classed, as a crime until the offender is caught and punished, in the absence of a public authority to do so, there is no crime.

The nature of crime is changing due to the changes in the society and the environment. The very definition of crime depends upon the values of a given society.

The changing nature of crime:

The changes have been noticed that people who did not committed crime, due to the availability of knowledge and technology are tempted to commit crime seeing how easily it can be done and various ways of avoiding to get caught.

Drug dealing which used to be done face to face in the middle of street with the fear of getting busted now can be done online with just some clicks of a keyboard.

Distance is just a number now with various means of transport are available a wrongdoer can easily commit a crime in one city and move to another city in hours.

The lack of interaction among people, not knowing who actually lives next door makes it easy for perpetrators to find their targets and commence their activities.

With such changing happening in the nation the police authorities are also required to change their methods of tracking the criminals and increase their technical ability. With the criminals being smart the authorities are required to be smarter.

Criminals are adapting to the measures taken by the police authorities.

Local gang members have noticed that they can make more money, with less risk of getting caught and smaller penalties if they do get caught, by using technology.

Be a stunning bridsemaid

Prep your skin: To keep ones skin healthy, regular skin cleansing and exfolieting are critical. This helps keep pores clean and tackle blackheads while removing dead skin, which aids the skin to breath better one can also restore the skins natural balance by using cleansers and exfoliaters made with ayurvedik ingredients such as aloe vera turmeric honey and walnut that leave the skin clean, hydrated and nourished. It is imparative to cleans before using wny products otherwise you will limit the effectiveness of a moisturiser or a mask.

Get smooth skin: Moisturing should be essenssial step in your skin care regime. It helps in reparing your skin, keeping it soft and prevents it from sagging. Apply a cream that is nourishing and natural ingredients like kokum butter and honey. This works well for your hands and feet and one should make this a routine before going to bed at night.

Focus on your lips: A good lip bam in and protects the lips from dryness and cracking. Ensure that you always you use lip bam before applying lipstick. Pick a lup bam that is made of natural ingredient such as ghee and almond oil that will help heal condition pand keep your lips soft and supple. 

Protest yourself some sunlight : Sun rays can be very harmful and make your skin dull. It is essetial to apply sun protection cream apply every day. Pick a sunscreen that is free of complex chemical UV filters and contains natural ingredients aloe and almond oil that will soothe hydrate abd protect your skin. Sunscreen is essential to ones routine and should be used as a daily habit. 

Don't forget your hair: Regular blow drying and styling damages your hair and makes it look dull one should nourish there hair with an oil that contains amla brahmi grape seed oil and bhringaraj  extracts lwhich softens and strenghtens wash your hair and a shampoo that cleansesthe hair as scalp without removing rhe nature oils. And moiture complete a routine with a conditioner that is gentle and hydrates the hair. 

Drink water: Drink water stored overnight in copper vessal as this is positively charged water imparts a nature glow and curbs free radicals that make the skin age beaides also reducing acne and breakouts.

Face mask is must: Crush some fresh rose petals in cold and mix pure sandlewood paste. Apply regularly. This will cool the skin even skin and tone and make skin clear smooth and luminous.

Exercise: Practice anulomvilom pranayama and kapalbhatti every day the former relax and calm the mind for that inner glow and the latter will supply fresh oxygen and blood to the skin for a renewed sheen. 

Sleep 7 to 8 hours and apply a skin repair serum at night  to wake up rejuvenated skin each day.

Neighbour Principle and other tests to determine the tort

The essential elements of a tort are already discussed. In this article the landmark judgments stating various tests for determining an act to be a tort are discussed.

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Donoghue v Stevenson established the “neighbour principle” which is used to determine whether or not the defendant owes a duty of care. The application of this test is based on whether or not a particular situation may be construed as one requiring a duty of care.

Caparo v Dickman provided a clearer application of the neighbour principle.

It defined the principle as requiring three elements in establishing duty of care:

a) reasonable foresight of harm;

b) sufficient proximity of relationship; and

c) that it needs to be fair, just and reasonable to impose a duty.

Caparo test will only be applied in situations where it may not be clear whether there is an established duty of care.

In order to determine whether the breach of duty of care exists, the courts will apply a two-part test:

a) the court will consider how the defendant should have behaved in that particular situation, and,

b) whether the defendant’s behaviour fulfilled the required standard of care.

In the case of Blyth v Birmingham Waterworks [1856] 11 Exch 781 it was established that the defendant must meet the standard of “the reasonable person”. This is an objective test that questions what a reasonable person would have done in that particular situation.

Any damages suffered by the claimant need to be a direct result of the breach of duty of care. If the defendant’s breach of duty has caused the loss to the claimant, then the causation is present. The principle of causation was considered in the case of Barnett v Chelsea and Kensington Hospital Management Committee [1969] 1 QB 428 where it was held that although the defendant had breached a duty of care, this breach had not caused the death of the deceased.

In order to establish whether causation is present in the case, the courts will apply the “but for” test. This test asks “but for the defendant’s breach of duty, would the harm to the claimant have occurred?”:

a) If the answer is yes, then the claimant has failed to establish causation.

b) However, if the answer is no then causation is satisfied.

However, the case of Bonnington Castings Ltd v Wardlaw [1956] AC 613 established that where there is more than one possible cause of the injury to the claimant, causation can be established if it can be shown that the defendant’s action is the likely cause of the harm. This case established that it is enough to show that the defendant’s negligence “materially contributed to the harm” to the claimant.

McGhee v National Coal Board [1973] 1 WLR 1 further modified the “but for” test by adding that the claimant only needs to establish the defendant’s negligence by proving that the defendant “materially contributed to the risk of harm” to the claimant.

The case of Overseas Tankship (UK) Ltd v Morts Dock and Engineering Co Ltd, The Wagon Mound (No. 1) [1961] AC 388 established the commonly applied test of remoteness which determines whether the damages suffered by the claimant are too remote. It considers whether the damage suffered is of such kind that the reasonable person would have foreseen it.

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बदनाम

लड़कियों ने मिस कॉल को इतना बदनाम कर दिया की

गलती से किसी दोस्त का भी

मिस कॉल आ जाये तो माँ कहती है.

जा तेरी महारानी का बुलावा आ गया

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यूँही बदनाम है 1 अप्रैल की तारीख साहाब

दूसरी तारीखें क्या कम झूठ बोलती है

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बेनाम ही रख ले अपना रिश्ता

नाम देंगे तो दुनिया बदनाम कर देगी.

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रस्ता रोक रही है, थोड़ी जान है बाकी

जाने टूटे दिल में, क्या अरमान है बाकी

जाने भी दे ऐ दिल, सबको मेरा सलाम

हो मैं चला, मैं चला मैं शायर बदनाम

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रिश्ता तोडना मेरी फितरत में नहीं,

हम तो बदनाम है रिश्ता निभाने के लिये

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ये तो अच्छा हुआ कुदरत ने रंगीन नहीं रखे आँसूं ,

वरना जिसके दामन में गिरते वो भी बदनाम हो जाता !

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शायरी के शौक़ ने इतना तो काम कर दिया..

जो नहीं जानते थे उनमें भी बदनाम कर दिया..

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हमारी हस्ती को तुम क्या पहचनोगे साहब ?

लाखो मशहूर हुवे हमे बदनाम करते करते

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उनकी मदहोश निगाहें बहका देतीं हैं कदमों को ..

बदनाम उफ़ हम हुए जातें हैं ..की सँभल कर नही चलते ..

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